Filing for bankruptcy is a process under federal jurisdiction, with district courts all throughout The United States. Arizona is home to 3 district courts with 2 additional offices designated for bankruptcy hearings (but not for filing in person). An individual petitioner may opt between Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 bankruptcies depending on their circumstances, while businesses in Arizona are allowed Chapter 11 or Chapter 12 bankruptcies.
Chapter 7 bankruptcy is the process of wiping clean all of a debtor's financial obligations, with the exception of non-dischargeable debts such as federal taxes or child support. A court-appointed trustee will collect all of the assets which are not exempt and sell them to pay for a portion of the debt owed. Chapter 7 is typically the best option for a petitioner with few assets and a large amount of unsecured debt.
Chapter 13 bankruptcy is a court-structured repayment plan of debt summarized by the petitioner. It is typically paid off in 3 to 5 years and may require the wage earner's paychecks to be garnished for a period of time. Chapter 13 is an option for those who wish to prevent foreclosure on their home, or to keep their assets from being repossessed by their creditors.
To determine which type of bankruptcy a petitioner may file for, a Means Test is taken to compare the income of the petitioner with the Arizona median income statewide. A person may only file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy if their income is below the median. However, there is still an option for those who qualify for Chapter 7 to file Chapter 13 if they prefer.
For businesses in Arizona, Chapter 11 is an option for restructuring debts under the bankruptcy code. This may allow a business to continue operating and repay creditors over time. Chapter 12 is specifically designed for family farmers or fisherman to create and carry out a plan to repay their debts over 3 to 5 years.
Official bankruptcy forms for the U.S. Bankruptcy Courts are available at http://www.uscourts.gov/forms/bankruptcy-forms or RecordsFinder.com Court Forms Section.
The fee for filing Chapter 7 is $306 which may, in some cases, be waived. Chapter 13 has a filing fee of $281 which may not be waived, but can be paid in installments.
Arizona has three U.S. Bankruptcy Courts, which are located in Phoenix, Tucson, and Yuma. Additionally, hearings for bankruptcy are held in the Flagstaff and Bullhead City offices, but an individual cannot file in person at these offices.